Mechanical Engineering Intelligent Trend

Sociologists, economists, and futurists have many different opinions about the economic characteristics of the 21st century. China’s academic circles often refer to the 21st century economy as the “new economy”. Although the formulation of economic forms is different, the view on the economic characteristics of the future is the same, that is, "Human beings are entering an occupation and allocation of intellectual resources, and the production, distribution, use (consumption) of knowledge is the most important. The economic era of factors." This means that the future economy is intellectual economy in its essence. The needs of the economy and its development tend to have a huge impact on science and technology. The demand for intelligence in the "new economy" will inevitably bring about the development trend of intelligence in various economic sectors and the research of intelligence in various scientific and technical departments. This kind of research and application promotes, influences, and develops together.
Each period has its own central science and technology during this period. Scientists predict that before the middle of the 21st century, information science and technology are the central science and technology. Beginning in the 1930s, central science and technology will gradually shift to biological science and technology (including life sciences and technology). After the middle of this century, it will be possible to use cognitive science and technology as the center, and combine high-tech science and technology such as information science and technology, life science technology and system science and technology to form a smart (cognitive) science and technology group. With the in-depth study of cognitive science, people will gradually find out the mechanism of human intelligence. On this basis, intelligent science and technology will be fully developed. The use of machines to assist and replace human physical labor has long been realized, but it is much more difficult to use machines to replace and replace human mental work. It has only just begun. If the latter is truly realized, the human society’s economy, culture, science, and technology will have greater leaps and human civilization will surely reach a new stage.
1 Intelligence is the development direction of information science and technology The direction of the improvement of human life quality is changing from the material aspect to the spiritual aspect, that is, from the physical aspect of clothing, food, housing and transportation to the spiritual aspects of education, science and technology, sports, medical treatment, tourism, culture, and art. Even with regard to the physical aspects of clothing, food, housing and transportation, mental factors have also increased more and more. This means that the development of information technology and its application must be more and more considered to meet people's spiritual needs, that is, more and more considerations of intellectual factors. In addition, the development of society is based on the activities of human groups. The activities of groups are developed on the basis of intellectual information exchange and collaboration. Therefore, the promotion of human social development will inevitably require the exchange and cooperation of such intellectual information. Growing development.
Modern computer and communication science and technology are the core of information science and technology. Currently, they are developing in the direction of digitization, miniaturization, personalization, interactive, mobile, integrated, networked, and intelligent. Modern intelligent communication devices, various intelligent home appliances, e-commerce, online education, online design, virtual enterprises, and even remotely controlled medical operations have all applied intelligent technologies. Many countries also proposed the task of establishing a smart Internet and manufacturing smart computers. It is no exaggeration to say that the essence of informationization and networking is intelligence.
We can also see that the tools for realizing information and networking are intelligent. In modern information science and technology, more and more natural language recognition and understanding, image recognition and processing, computer vision, robot planning, multi-information sensing and control, knowledge representation, acquisition and processing, reasoning and solving are increasingly used. Expert systems, intelligent control and other artificial intelligence technologies. Although the research on artificial intelligence has not produced major breakthroughs in recent years, with the development of cognitive science and intelligent technologies, artificial intelligence technology will be more and more applied to information science and technology.
2 Intelligence is the development direction of life science technology The human brain is the “command department” of the human intelligent system. Brain science is the core of life sciences, and intelligence is also the development direction of life science technology. The research of the human brain will form intelligent science and technology, which is the science that drives the basic scientific research in the 21st century.
Due to the complexity of the human brain, no machine can completely replace the human brain. At present, the study of the human brain is not yet sufficient. The mysteries of memory, thinking, imagination, and emotions of the human brain are far from being revealed. Under conditions where human intelligence is not yet clear, it is impossible to find out what machine intelligence is and what a smart machine is. We can only keep the machine intelligence close to human intelligence and simulate human intelligence, and we can never make machine intelligence equivalent to human intelligence and instead replace human intelligence. However, machines that partially imitate human brain function, assist human intelligence, and even promote the development of human intelligence are achievable and should be studied vigorously. In this regard, we must make breakthroughs. The most important thing is that we must first make breakthroughs in the study of the human brain. Second, life science and technology itself also uses a lot of intelligent technologies. In the genetic engineering, an intelligent micro manipulation platform is applied; in an accurate medical operation, an intelligent operation robot is applied; in a medical chip for medical examination, an intelligent detection technology is applied; it is possible in the future. In the biochip that becomes a new generation of molecular computer logic elements, it is also necessary to apply some kind of intelligent logic that is different from binary logic as the basis of its work.
3 Intelligentization is the development direction of automation engineering Automation is an important means and condition for the development of modern industry. It is no exaggeration to say that the process of modern industrial development is the process of continuous application, improvement and upgrading of automated production technology.
Currently, various intelligent systems and technologies are increasingly used in various automation projects.
The level and degree of application of intelligent technology in automation engineering determines the level and degree of automation of the project. Intelligence has become the most obvious symbol of the modernization of various projects.
4 Intelligentization is the development trend of mechanical engineering and various sectors of the national economy. Currently, the intelligence of various sectors of the national economy has become clues, intelligent products continue to emerge, the trend of intelligence is becoming more and more obvious, and various smart meters and smart vehicles emerged. , smart machines, smart robots, smart "pets," smart materials... and even smart buildings. Some production and management systems also employ a large number of smart technologies, such as various smart production control systems, smart logistics systems, intelligent manufacturing systems, virtual enterprises, and e-commerce. As for these production and operation management systems, they have realized different degrees of intelligence faster, such as intelligent railway transportation management systems, intelligent air traffic control systems, intelligent financial settlement systems, intelligent financial management systems, intelligent material management systems, and intelligence. Database management system.
During the "10th Five-Year Plan" period, we must use information technology to promote industrialization, and in particular, use informatization with various intelligent technologies to drive industrialization. Therefore, various industrial sectors are increasingly implementing intelligence in this process.
5 Intelligent System Definition A system that has (some) human intelligence or can simulate (partly simulate) human intelligence is called an intelligent system.
Smart systems can be divided into the following types:
(1) human body systems, especially the human brain system;
(2) Human beings are directly involved in activities with their intelligence, such as financial systems, insurance systems, sports systems and other economic systems and social systems;
(3) Man-machine systems where man and machine work together;
(4) Simulate (partially simulate) human intelligent machine systems, such as intelligent computer systems, intelligent robot systems, intelligent manufacturing systems, intelligent control systems, intelligent language understanding systems, intelligent image processing systems, and intelligent expert systems.
The first two types of intelligent systems are "human-based systems", that is, the systems of human beings; the latter two types of intelligent systems are "artificial systems", that is, systems created by humans to transform nature for the benefit of humanity. The "human-based system" is the object of life science, cognitive science, and social science research. The "human-made system" is the object of engineering scientific research. Of course, to simulate the "human-based system", we must also use the results of research on "human-made systems" by engineering science and technology.
Different scholars have different opinions on the standards of human intelligence behavior. For example, scientists believe that only machines that work according to the working style of the human brain can be called smart machines; engineers think that whatever the way of intelligent realization, as long as the machine has certain functions of the brain, it can be called a smart machine. At present, in order to promote the research and development of intelligent systems, we can only adopt the view of engineers, that is, only the system is required to have certain human intelligence, regardless of the way it is implemented. From this basic point of view, we can think of a system with one of the following characteristics as a smart system.
(1) Multiple information perception and integration;
(2) Knowledge representation, acquisition, storage and processing (mainly identification, reasoning and decision-making);
(3) Associative memory;
(4) Autonomy control, ie self-similarity, self-learning, self-adaptation, self-organization, self-maintenance;
(5) Fault tolerance.
Of course, as far as the advanced forms of intelligence are concerned, there are also rational and emotional factors such as beliefs, intentions, affection, disgust, sincerity, and commitment, which are still difficult to achieve in the current "human-made" intelligent systems.
6 The development of the mechanical industry in the intelligentization 6.1 Choosing the intelligent product as the new product of the mechanical enterprise's future development The urgent task of the mechanical enterprise is to adjust the product structure. China’s past machinery industry sector was the production department for production materials. In the market-oriented, especially in the context of a globalized economy, this concept should rapidly change, that is, the machinery industry provides both production materials and various products needed by people's lives. When selecting products for product structure adjustment in China's machinery industry, companies must first choose the mechatronic products with intelligent information technology, whether they are production materials or consumer products.
6.2 The development and development of machinery enterprises must be intelligent. With the rapid development of information technology, the growing economic globalization, and China's entry into the WTO, China's manufacturing industry is facing rare opportunities and severe challenges. The market is changing frequently and unpredictably. The product life cycle is shortened. The product update rate is accelerating. The customer's demand for products tends to be individualized and diversified. The production automation technology is continuously improving, and the innovation role of producers is becoming more and more important. The application of technology has become more and more widespread... These factors have caused a fundamental change in the production mode and management of the manufacturing industry: the transformation of enterprise production from product-oriented to customer-oriented, demand-oriented and service-oriented; the main production factors of enterprises are from the labor force. And capital has turned to knowledge; the company's production process is shifting from a streamlined, automatic, single-type, fixed-scale production to multi-variety, flexible, parallel, and intelligent intensive production. Corresponding enterprise management models have also shifted from low-efficiency, multi-level pyramids, hierarchical hierarchical management to intelligent distributed network cooperative production management systems that can fully utilize human intelligence and creativity and can quickly respond to market demands.
Although dozens of advanced manufacturing systems have been proposed in the past 20 years in the world, there are two things that are common: First, all advanced manufacturing systems are based on the national conditions and traditions of their respective countries and are improved and developed on the basis of the original ones. The second is to use information technology, networking, and intelligence as its development direction, and this “threeizations” are gradually progressing and continuing to develop.
China has not yet completely established a modern advanced manufacturing model that adapts to China's national conditions. Many enterprises still adopt the original traditional manufacturing mode, or partially adopt the manufacturing mode of other advanced countries. In fact, as far as the manufacturing model is concerned, there is something worth learning from our traditional model. For example, in the 1950s, Anshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. put forward the “two-involved change and three-incorporation” (two parameters: workers participate in management, cadres participate in labor; change: unreasonable rules and regulations for reform; three combinations: leadership, technical personnel, and workers combined). The Constitution is a very good management model. Unfortunately, we did not further improve this manufacturing philosophy on the basis of advanced science and technology and modern management.
Since the future production is an intelligent intensive production, the company’s main production factor is knowledge, the enterprise’s production characteristics are smart manufacturing, and the company’s production purpose is to satisfy customers. In a word, companies must “people-oriented”, then this is decided The production and management of the company must inevitably develop in the direction of intelligence.
6.3 Enrich, Improve, and Enhance Corporate Letters with Intelligent Technology