Process Technology Control of the Quality of Batch Books and Periodicals
The production process of books and periodicals is: type film—printing—printing—binding. In order to ensure the improvement of product quality, in the process of product printing, we must do a good job in process management, process quality control and process quality on-site resolution, so that personnel, equipment, raw materials, methods, environment and other factors that affect product quality are always Being in a controlled state is an important condition and guarantee for improving the overall quality level of products. Therefore, in the production process, it is necessary to carefully analyze the factors that affect the quality of each process, and actively take measures in process technology to improve the quality of books and periodicals, improve the economic efficiency of the enterprise, and enhance the core competitiveness of the enterprise, which is of great significance. .
1. Must pay attention to strengthen the source control of product quality
Only by strictly controlling the quality of raw materials can the quality of books and periodicals be guaranteed. We know that the quality of raw materials directly affects the processing quality of books and periodicals. It can be said that raw materials are the source of quality control of books and periodicals, which is very important.
Materials include printing materials and binding materials and other raw materials and auxiliary materials, mainly referring to films, plates, papers, inks, blankets, hot melt adhesives, etc. The quality of the original and auxiliary materials directly affects the quality of the printed products of books and periodicals. If the quality of the raw materials is too poor, it will lead to "embroidery of burlap bags and poor foundation". Film quality should pay attention to the uniformity of the drug film and the blackness to meet the requirements. The base material of the plate (PS plate) should have good hydrophilicity, the photosensitive coating should have a strong adsorption capacity, be even and smooth, there should be no dirty spots after exposure and development, and the stability of the batch should be better. For paper, pay attention to flatness, surface strength, water absorption, ink absorption performance, whiteness, etc., less use of "hot pot paper" to avoid fringing, tight edges, dead folds; avoid shadowing, printing, and lint Dropping powder pile rubber, etc .; If fluffing and powdering, not only seriously affect product quality, but also increase the speed of grinding, reduce the life of the printing plate, and increase costs. For the roll paper, pay attention to the tensile strength, uniform rewinding, uniform tension, etc., to avoid the uneven running of the tension or the unwinding of the rewinding, which will cause the "running rule" phenomenon to cause inaccurate color registration, or insufficient tensile strength to cause the paper break. Rubber, crushed rubber, etc. The rubber cloth should pay attention to good elasticity and recovery, and the ink should pay attention to water resistance, adhesion, dryness, blackness, viscosity, etc. Special attention should be paid to the quality of the hot-melt adhesives for binding materials. Some hot-melt adhesives are too brittle and some are severely brushed. If the quality of the hot-melt adhesive is not good, it may cause loose pages and cause batch products to fail. Therefore, when purchasing raw and auxiliary materials, we must strictly control and compare the quality with the price. Only after the materials are properly controlled can the product quality be guaranteed.
In addition, the proper storage of raw materials will also affect the processing quality of books and periodicals, such as paper storage acceptance, temperature and humidity, storage environment and other factors, will directly affect the physical properties of paper changes, resulting in reduced printability, also Will affect the quality of books and periodicals. Therefore, according to the actual situation of the enterprise, it is appropriate to purchase some necessary testing instruments, and perform acceptance according to the quality standards of raw materials. It is worthwhile to carry out effective inspection control and storage of the raw materials in storage. Through the implementation of inspection and control measures, enterprises can scientifically and accurately detect the quality of raw materials, fundamentally eliminate unqualified raw materials, ensure the processing quality of books and periodicals, and effectively control the quality of the source of production. [next]
Second, we must pay attention to the printing technology of good products
Process technology control:
The modern printing process presents a very unstable situation. There are three reasons for this situation: First, the continuous updating of printing equipment prompts the printing industry to continuously change its production process to meet the needs of technical equipment; Second, as the book printing market The competition is becoming more and more fierce, and new, strange, and unique design concepts for books and publications are constantly appearing in the form, which puts new requirements on the printing process and increases the difficulty of the process. Process design work must be done by professionals, and must be done carefully and well. Its task is to make detailed arrangements for every detail from the selection of materials, the use of materials to the production of finished products, to understand what kind of quality problems are prone to occur in which process. Its role is to reduce the consumption of raw materials; the second is to reduce the occurrence of quality accidents and eliminate quality accidents before production. 3. Changes in the distribution and sales market, the diversity of market demands and the improvement of the reader's aesthetic ability have made publications more particular about packaging and decoration. Publishers strive to improve the process, increase process design, and clarify the task of process design. An important task.
Image processing, pattern, plate control:
Plate printing is the primary link in printing and a key process for quality control. A high-quality printing plate is a necessary condition for producing high-quality products. From our production experience in recent years, to ensure the quality of printing plates, we should grasp the following main factors that affect the quality of printing plates:
(1) Documents: The external document book printing enterprise should determine the person to adjust the manuscript according to the color management standard of the enterprise in order to unify the color and style. Including: carefully check whether the text and pictures on the document page are wrong because of software compatibility, uniformly and accurately calibrate the document, adjust the image tone and clarity, unify the layout style and binding style of the entire book.
(2), type film: the quality of the type film should be carefully checked before printing, especially for the accurate and overprinting, clear text, smooth dots, and comprehensive and detailed quality control of the type plate stains and scratches to ensure Type film quality. For the above-mentioned factors that affect the quality of the printing plate, process and technical measures should be taken before printing, or spelling or recopying, etc., and the necessary technical treatment should be carried out to ensure that it meets the quality requirements of printing.
(3) Printing plate: Understanding the technical performance of the printing plate is the main condition to ensure the quality of printing. Due to the technical differences in the technical quality of different batches of PS plates, each batch of plates must be subjected to the necessary technical performance tests before being put into mass use, so as to know the technology in advance. On this basis, the basic technical parameters of exposure, development time, and developer concentration are determined, and standardized and data-based operations are carried out to ensure the stability and reliability of the printing quality.
(4) Printing: The common faults of printing are mainly stains, false dots, and text slurries. The factors that cause these failures are more complicated. Therefore, in the quality control of printing, specific analysis should be conducted for different quality problems, specific reasons should be identified, and corresponding technical measures should be taken. For example, "stains" are often caused by dust, spots or scratches on the printing glass. In the printing process, the printing glass should be wiped clean before printing, or two Exposure processing.
The pre-press plate-making process is the gestation process of product formation. In this process, if any step is not well controlled, it may affect the quality of the printed matter. In addition to the aforementioned, there are many other factors that may cause problems in printing and cause a lot of losses, such as the control of the operating temperature and humidity, the maintenance of equipment and the quality of raw materials. Therefore, we can't care about any subtle link. Only by controlling each step can we provide qualified products for the subsequent printing process and provide quality assurance for post-processing processes such as binding. [next]
Printing process control:
To improve the quality of batch products, printing is the key. Judging from the problems in the production process of book printing, the main factors affecting product quality are paper, ink, operators, equipment, and the difficulties in printing technology resulting from it will also restrict the improvement and improvement of product quality. Under the existing production technology conditions, to strengthen the quality control of the printing process, the focus should be on: First, to further improve the long-term effective printing quality management methods and systems; adhere to the quality management method of prevention and inspection; strict process discipline and On-site management. In the internal management of the workshop, we should strictly adhere to: â‘ , three diligence and four non-printing; â‘¡, inspection and signing system; â‘¢, machine quality responsibility system. The second is to actively explore and summarize the adaptability of paper and ink and the mutual adaptation of personnel and equipment in light of new conditions such as the impact of printing production and the process technology that restricts the improvement of product quality in recent years. Through the resolution of these process technical problems Promote the improvement of product quality. We should focus on controlling the following factors that affect quality:
(1) Paper:
The suitability of paper printing is an important factor restricting whether the product quality level can be improved. Generally, the quality failures caused by paper problems are mainly:
â‘ The paper is seriously discounted;
â‘¡, the paper has powder, color and rubber pile serious;
â‘¢ The static electricity of the paper causes the machine to stop frequently, and the printing uniformity of the same batch of products is poor;
â‘£ The thickness of the paper is inconsistent, the storage period is short, and the expansion and contraction cause inaccurate overprinting, which causes difficulties in printing. Especially for equipment with low equipment performance, the inaccurate overprinting and the angle swing phenomenon are serious in printing.
For the above-mentioned adverse effects caused by paper problems on product quality, the following methods can usually be used for quality control in process technology:
â‘ Humidity treatment before printing, and hanging cooling after the paper arrives at the workshop to make it balanced and stable with the temperature of the workshop, so that the moisture distribution of each part of the paper is even;
â‘¡ Control the moisture of the printing plate during printing to reduce paper expansion and contraction;
â‘¢ Spray water mist on dry and static paper to eliminate static electricity;
â‘£ Understand the printing suitability of different batches of paper, and make reasonable production arrangements for the suitability requirements of different batches of paper according to the performance of printing equipment.
(2) Ink:
The powdering and rubber pile failures that are common in the production of books and periodicals are mainly caused by the rough paper and soft texture. They are also closely related to the viscosity of the ink during printing. According to the relationship between the viscosity of the ink and the tensile strength under the surface of the paper, To prevent the paper from falling off, the viscosity of the ink should be reduced first, that is, to dilute the ink, add additives, and adjust the printing pressure appropriately to achieve the best match between the viscosity of the paper and the ink.
(3) Equipment:
Strengthening equipment maintenance and correct operation and use are of great significance in the production of books and periodicals. Due to the characteristics of the off-peak season in the production of books and periodicals, the maintenance of equipment during the peak season is often not paid attention to, and the problems caused by the poor quality of the equipment to the product quality also occur from time to time. Therefore, attaching importance to and strengthening equipment maintenance, commissioning and daily maintenance is an inevitable requirement for improving product quality. Strengthening equipment maintenance system in production, establishing equipment inspection system, and systematically inspecting equipment can create good for production. The conditions can provide guarantee for the improvement of product quality.
(4) Personnel:
Among many factors that affect product quality, personnel (including teams) have a decisive role in improving the quality level. By comparing the quality of the top rated products and other bulk products in recent years, we have shown that most of the factors that affect the quality of the product are related to the work quality of the personnel, especially the sense of responsibility. Therefore, the key to improving product quality is to strengthen the quality awareness of personnel at all levels, especially the quality training and education of machine operators. At the same time, we must establish strict quality management measures and systems, strengthen on-site management and team leader, lead machine to semi-finished printing process Responsibility for quality control and assurance, clarify quality performance assessment objectives, and improve quality organization. [next]
Third, we must pay attention to control the molding of good products
As the final process of printing and binding, the quality of binding directly affects the quality of finished products and corporate reputation. Therefore, before mass production, you should be familiar with the construction requirements and the quality of the materials used. Binding sample books first, and then mass production after passing the quality inspection. Mass product quality control should:
(1) Strengthen the responsibility of the operators of each process;
(2) Strengthen technical quality training and on-site management;
(3) Organize a special person to conduct a random inspection of the tour quality;
(4), strict process discipline and technical requirements, so that the production of each process is carried out in an orderly manner. In addition, actively promoting scientific sampling inspection methods, strict sampling plans for different batches of products, careful inspection, and strengthening the quality control of the binding process to prevent unqualified products from leaving the factory are an effective management method to ensure the quality level of bulk products. One.
In summary, product quality is a systematic project involving various processes and multi-factors. It requires the cooperation and joint efforts of relevant departments such as publishing, printing, and material supply. To improve product quality, for printing companies, the work to be carried out is multi-level and comprehensive. It is necessary to grasp the formulation of quality policies and policies, as well as the establishment and improvement of the quality system. , Standardization and standardization of the quality of the assembly process, starting from the production technology of the enterprise, to improve and perfect the process technology and quality management. In this sense, the role of improving product quality should be comprehensive, not just the work content of the quality department. Of course, as a quality management department, it strictly controls the process of many quality problems, and actively explores effective methods. The quality management method, changing the traditional management, quantifying the index management, has an important quality control guarantee role.
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