Application of Nanotechnology in New Packaging Materials (1)

Application of Nanomaterials' Singularity

In the submicron clusters there is a very small new line of attention, namely nano-systems. The range of this system is usually set at about 1-100 nm. Nanoparticles are the typical representatives of this system. They belong to the ultrafine particle range (1-100 nm) and have new features that are different from conventional solids. The physical and chemical properties of a material depend on its composition and structure, and nanotechnology precisely changes the composition and structure of materials at the atomic and molecular level, thereby optimizing the properties of the material. Materials are the foundation of all processes and applied technologies. By implementing nanotechnology, many new materials with unique properties can be produced.

It is precisely because nanomaterials have excellent optical, electrical, thermal, magnetic, radiation, absorption and other special functions, making it has a very broad application prospects in the fields of machinery, electronics, chemicals, packaging, and national defense. Nano-functional materials have great Potential market demand. The special optical and electrical characteristics of nanomaterials and the phenomenon of giant resistance and nonlinear resistance have made new breakthroughs in the development of new packaging materials.

Implications of nanotechnology in the application of packaging materials

Above the molecular level to below the micron or in the scale of 1-100 micron scale mountain applications produce nano-packaging. This new discipline, it and other nano-science, is not limited to the scale and scale - death The demarcation is to focus on the mutated behavior and new physical properties caused by small size.

Since Gleiter et al. took the lead in nanomaterial production in 1991, after more than 10 years of development, nanomaterials have made great progress. The application of nanomaterials in the packaging field today, such as nano-high barrier sealing packaging materials, nano-anti-static packaging materials, have both high performance and high performance compared with raw materials, and can be processed under conventional conditions, and also have high surface gloss, providing us with Good application prospects. Due to the nano-sized grains, the high-density grain boundary and the atomicity of the grain boundary, the nanomaterials combine to create advantages over general materials. In recent years, based on the development trend of international nanomaterial research, a variety of methods for preparing nanostructures (eg, nano-ordered array system, mesoporous assembly system, MCM-4, etc.) have been established and developed, especially self-assembly and Self-assembly of molecules, synthesis of membranes, carbothermal reduction, epitaxial growth of droplets, and mesoporosity. A variety of quasi-one-dimensional nanomaterials and nano-assembly systems have been successfully prepared. These methods have laid a good foundation for the further study of the physical properties of nanostructures and quasi-one-dimensional nanostructured materials, advancing their application in fine-structured devices.

The Latest Technology of Nano Packaging Application Research

(a) Polymer-based nanocomposite packaging materials for institutions

As far as the packaging field is concerned, in recent years, the most widely studied nanocomposites abroad are polymer-based nanocomposites (PNMC, short for Polymeric Nano-Metered Composites). Common polymers include PA, PP, PVC, PET, and LCP. Wait. Polymer nanocomposites include two major categories of molecular composite thick material systems and inorganic ultrafine particle composite systems. The former is to dispose rigid polymers such as LCP at the molecular level (on the order of 10 nanometers) in a flexible polymer group, and the latter is to incorporate inorganic materials. The ultrafine particles are dispersed in a flexible polymer matrix in a single layered or layered form, and finally made into a nanocomposite packaging material.

Nano plastic composite plastic packaging, plasticity, wear resistance, hardness, strength have significantly improved and enhanced. In 1993, the first nano-composite packaging material "PA6 nanocomposite packaging material" successfully developed in Japan was to first produce nanoscale montmorillonite powder by inserting method, and then mixed it with caprolactam monomer in a layered manner, and then polymerized them into The polyamide nanocomposite substrate is finally made into a packaging film or other shaped container as required. The tensile strength and tensile modulus of the nanocomposite PA6 packaging material thus obtained are increased by 110 MPa and 2 lCpa, respectively, the thermal deformation temperature is 250%, the thermal expansion coefficient is 60%, and the water absorption rate is greatly reduced. According to foreign studies and reports, after 4.7% (weight component) of Colling clay material was compounded into Nylon-6 polymer, the tensile strength of nanocomposites formed increased from 68.6 Mpa to 97.2 Mpa, The bending strength increased from 89.4 Mpa to 143.0 Mpa, and the heat distortion temperature increased from 65% to 152 C. The increase in heat distortion temperature means that the application range of this material is greatly expanded. Nano-composite packaging materials are mainly used for space packaging, food packaging, and manufacturing advanced mechanical components. Some can also be used for special packaging such as anti-static, electromagnetic discharge, anti-hit, invisible and dangerous goods packaging.

Messe~Smith et al. showed that the mechanical properties of the silicate-epoxy nanocomposites achieved the same improvement. The storage modulus increased by 60% in the glass area and by 450% in the rubber area. It is far from attainable in conventional micron or larger particle-filled epoxy resins. When the inorganic content is much lower than the content of the filler in the traditional glass fiber or mineral reinforcing polymer, excellent rigidity, strength and thermal stability, as well as the processability and dielectric properties of the polymer, can be achieved. The application prospects of new materials in high-tech fields such as new and high-efficiency catalysts, biomaterials, and environmental protection materials are becoming increasingly widespread. Japan has applied this new material to food packaging.

There are many new types of polymer nano-composite packaging materials used abroad for packaging, such as nano-montmorillonite/PA, nano-carbon black/PE, nano-SiO2/PiP, nano-LCP/PI, and nano-adhesion. Agent and so on. The high-grade film composited with nano-SiO2, Ti02 and other particles of about 10 nals not only has good air permeability, but also has a variety of other physical and chemical properties, which is exactly what the packaging industry needs. In addition, nano-materials can absorb infrared, ultraviolet, radar waves, etc., in the military protective packaging-1: there is a good application prospects.

According to another report, the Swedish National Packaging Research Institute is studying polyamide-gelling nanocomposite films, which are prepared for food packaging that requires long shelf life. The polymer backbone they use is a biodegradable semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer. With nanotechnology, this can be achieved by fusing nanoparticles (optionally metallic, inorganic or organic) into the polymer lattice structure.

In polymer-based nanocomposite packaging materials, polymer/layered inorganic nanocomposites have achieved rapid development due to breakthroughs in the intercalation technology, and some of the research results have begun to enter the industrialization or have great industrial application prospects. Great attention. Polymer-based nanocomposites include two major systems: one is a molecular composite system; the second is an inorganic ultrafine particle composite system. Nano-LCP/PI composite packaging materials belong to the former category, while nano-carbon black/PE anti-static composite packaging materials belong to the latter category. The intercalated organic nano-graphite is added to the polymer. The addition of 2%-5% can make the resistivity of the plastic from 1016f~. Em - Factory dropped to Oil. Cm-10n. Gill, controlling the amount of organic nano-graphite, can adjust the electrical properties of the polymer within a certain range, and can be used as an excellent nano-plastic packaging material.

Intercalation compound technology can realize the compounding of organic macromolecules and inorganic materials at the nanometer scale. The obtained material not only reflects the rigidity, dimensional stability, and heat resistance of inorganic materials, but also shows the toughness of the polymer and can be processed. Sex, chemical resistance, and good electrical properties make it easy to solve problems in the packaging of IC integrated circuit electronic products and anti-static problems.

Since only 3% to 5% of the inorganic substances are added, the size of the phase structure in the nanometer range is small at the wavelength of visible light, so the addition of 2% by volume of montmorillonite/PA6 is 3 times larger. Silicate platelets have a strong barrier to gases and water vapor, combined with the effect of promoting PET crystallization, have a high reflection coefficient at far-red sites, and are ideal packaging materials for beer bottles and soft drink bottles.

It can also prepare a special kind of inorganic nano-oxide, and fully and completely disperse in high-molecular polymer by means of low-melting low-molecular polymer, so that the polymer has a high barrier, high freshness, antibacterial, anti-mildew synthesis Environmental protection function. Project Preparation 』: The final product of the art is a kind of general-purpose preservation masterbatch, which can be added to various PP, PE, PET, PA blown film processes and directly supplied to blow molding manufacturers for advanced food packaging products.

Nano-sized polymer polymer conductive packaging material, (For anti-static packaging, electromagnetic packaging, etc.) Not only the electrical conductivity is greatly improved, the appearance of color is also a variety of changes, and other physical and chemical properties advised; greatly increased. A super polymer, rsoP is made of nano-composite ERP/PP/PE talc. It has high hardness, good heat resistance and high impact resistance and can be used as a missile packaging material. For example, adding 10% nano TLCP (thermotropic liquid crystal polymer) to a high molecular polymer will increase the tensile strength of the material to 470 Mp9, which will greatly expand its use.

(to be continued)