Platelet (PLT) count
Platelet (PLT) count
[Method and reference value]
Microscopic counting method (direct counting method of ammonium oxalate hemolysis; direct counting method of compound urea hemolysis); (100 ～ 300) × 109 / L.
Multi-parameter blood cell analyzer counting method: (100 ～ 300) × 109 / L.
[Clinical significance]
(1) Physiology 1. Platelets increase after vigorous exercise, and also increase after a full meal, slightly increase in winter.
2. Women's platelets decrease before menstruation.
3. Juveniles have lower platelets than adults.
4. The number of neonatal platelets is relatively small, reaching adult level after 3 months.
5. Venous blood platelets are slightly higher than peripheral blood.
(B) Pathology 1. Decreased platelet:
(1) Impaired bone marrow hematopoietic function leads to reduced platelet production, such as aplastic anemia, acute leukemia, radiation sickness, application of anti-cancer drugs, etc.
(2) Thrombocytopenia caused by excessive platelet destruction, such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, hypersplenism, and extracorporeal circulation.
(3) Thrombocytopenia caused by excessive platelet consumption, such as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.
(4) Familial thrombocytopenia, such as giant platelet syndrome.
2. Increased platelets:
(1) Tissue damage and platelet increase after surgery, especially after splenectomy.
(2) The continuous increase of platelets is seen in the early stage of chronic myeloid leukemia, multiple myeloma, thrombocytosis, polycythemia vera, and malignant tumors.
(3) Acute reactions, such as acute infection, acute blood loss, acute hemolysis, etc.
[Medical decision level]
1.10 × 109 / L. PLT counts below this value can cause spontaneous bleeding. If the bleeding time is equal to or exceeds 15 minutes, and / or there is bleeding, you should immediately give platelet-increasing treatment.
2.50 × 109 / L. When the patient has a small bleeding injury or will undergo minor surgery, if the PLT is lower than this value, platelet concentrate should be given.
3.100 × 109 / L. When the patient has a major hemorrhagic injury or will undergo major surgery, if it is below this value, platelet concentrate should be given.
4.600 × 109 / L. Above this value is a pathological state, if there is no history of blood loss and splenectomy, you should carefully check for the presence of malignant diseases.
5.1000 × 109 / L. Thrombosis often occurs above this value, and if such thrombocytosis is non-transient, antiplatelet drugs should be given.
[Precautions]
1. When the peripheral blood is collected, after the first drop of blood is squeezed out and discarded, the blood is first taken for determination of platelets.
2. When venous blood is collected, the action should be rapid to prevent coagulation, otherwise it will cause low platelets.
3. When venous blood is collected, if there is no coagulation mechanism check, it should be first injected into a conventional blood test tube and mixed thoroughly.
4. Application of EDTA-K3, anticoagulation, such as anticoagulation with heparin will result in low platelet results
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