Starting from scratch: the auto repair professional information electronic technology should be tough
China Educational Equipment Purchasing Network News: With the rapid development of the automotive industry, the automotive repair industry has undergone tremendous changes. From the simple maintenance of machinery and electrical appliances to the development of complex high-tech maintenance of electricity, machine, light, and liquid, these are based on information and electronic technology.
From the single operation of state-owned auto repair enterprises in the past to the operation of modern auto repair enterprises with a variety of economic components based on the shareholding system; in terms of employment and remuneration, it has been changed to a method of selective recruitment and more work. In the face of the above changes, auto repair technicians must carefully analyze the current repair technology needs and development levels of the auto repair industry, and find out the key-to strengthen the application of information electronic technology in the field of automotive repair-to solve practical problems in auto repair and become their own expertise ; The enterprise chooses the best employment, realizes the win-win situation of customers, enterprises and employees. Therefore, in the automobile repair industry, the cultivation of information technology for maintenance technicians should be strengthened.
At present, the automobile information electronic technology has been recognized as a revolution in the development of automobile technology. The application degree of information electronic technology is regarded as an important indicator to measure the level of modern automobiles; auto manufacturers believe that increasing the number of automobile information electronic equipment and promoting the electronicization of automobile information are important and effective means to seize the future automobile market.
According to statistics, from 1989 to 2008, the average information electronic device on each vehicle accounted for the proportion of the entire car manufacturing cost increased from 16% to more than 40%. In some luxury cars, the number of single-chip microcomputers has reached 53 or more, and electronic products accounted for more than 50% of the cost of the entire vehicle. At present, the application of information electronic technology has penetrated into almost all car systems.
Automotive information electronic products can be divided into two categories: â‘ automotive information electronic control devices, including powertrain control, chassis and body electronic control, comfort and anti-theft systems; â‘¡ automotive automotive information electronic devices, including automotive information systems (onboard computers), Navigation system, car audio-visual entertainment system, vehicle communication system, vehicle network, etc. The structure of specific sub-systems of automotive electronics is as follows.
Due to the rapid increase in the number of electronic appliances on automobiles, in order to reduce the number and weight of connecting wires, network and bus technologies have developed greatly during this period. The communication line connects various automotive electronic devices into a network, and sends and receives information through the data bus. In addition to independently completing their respective control functions, electronic devices can also provide data services for other control devices. Due to the use of computer network design ideas, the wiring is simplified, the number of electrical nodes and the amount of wires are reduced, the assembly work is simplified, and the reliability of information transmission is also increased. You can access any electronic control device through the data bus, read the fault code to diagnose the fault, and make the vehicle maintenance work easier. All of this is due to the development of information electronic technology, especially the bus structure.
The current development direction of automotive electronics technology is toward centralized integrated control: integrating the engine management system and the automatic transmission control system into the integrated control of the power transmission system (PCM); the brake anti-lock control system (ABS) and the traction control system (TCS) and drive anti-skid control system (ASR) are integrated for brake control; through the central chassis controller, the brake, suspension, steering, power transmission and other control systems are connected through the bus. The controller coordinates various subsystems through complex control operations to control the vehicle's driving performance to the optimal level, forming an integrated chassis control system (UCC).
Auto repair technology itself is a very comprehensive technology. Different models have different failures; the same model has different failures in different periods; the same failure reflects differently on different roads. To diagnose and eliminate faults, you must have a strong ability of comprehensive analysis and judgment. The design and manufacture of automobiles are the result of collective research after a lot of experts have studied and trial-produced and improved them to finalized manufacturing. The maintenance is the process of finding out, analyzing and solving problems by one person, which is individual behavior. In addition to the maintenance unit, there is no more advanced testing equipment. To solve complex and difficult problems in a rudimentary environment, this requires that the maintenance technology of the maintenance technician is quite excellent. In view of the fact that the cultural knowledge level of technical personnel in the automotive repair industry is generally not high, providing them with effective and targeted training in emerging information and electronic technologies has become an inevitable choice to improve the technical level of automotive repair. Take the engine management system as an example to discuss the feasibility of the training program of information electronic technology.
First, we must master the use of electronic computers. With the development of the information society, more and more high-tech techniques based on electronic computers are used in automobiles. Electronically controlled automobiles are the leading product and development direction of automobiles. Therefore, auto repair technicians must master the use of electronic computers, and use electronic computers to find maintenance information, detect fault codes, find troubleshooting methods, online technical consultation and online car repairs. All of this relies on emerging information technology training. Therefore, information technology training can use a variety of technical methods, especially combined with online operations such as car repairs to find information for actual operation exercises. This quickly improves the technical level of maintenance technicians, so they can greatly mobilize their enthusiasm and actual maintenance effect. For example, download the relevant program of an engine management system. It can be seen that information technology training for auto repair technicians is necessary and feasible.
Secondly, we must master a more comprehensive electronic technology, including analog electronic technology, digital electronic technology, single-chip principle and interface technology, sensor technology, etc., all of which depend on electronic technology training.
ECU is an abbreviation of English word combination, meaning "electronic control unit", which is simply an on-board computer. Many car engines now use an electronic fuel injection system, which has a control element shaped like a square box called "ECU". Simply put, the ECU is composed of a microcomputer and peripheral circuits. The microcomputer is a unit that integrates a microprocessor (CPU), a memory, and an input / output interface on an integrated chip. Therefore, the ECU is a single-chip microcomputer (referred to as a single-chip microcomputer).
The engine management system is based on the single-chip microcomputer, and the various signals (such as intake air volume, item angle, etc.) collected by various detectors or sensors are processed by corresponding analog / digital technology and transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer (or ECU) through the bus. Then, after corresponding program control and data processing, the corresponding control signal is generated, and the actuator is designated to perform the corresponding operation (increasing the throttle opening).
Nowadays, in some high-end cars, not only the ECU is used on the engine, but also in many other devices. For example, the brake anti-lock brake system, 4-wheel drive mode conversion system, electronically controlled automatic transmission, active suspension adjustment system, airbag system, and multi-directional adjustable electronically controlled seats are all equipped with their own ECU modules. Take control. The on-site examples of car repairs are used for guidance and explanation. After fact test, the learning effect is quite good.
Based on the above analysis, information electronic technology has been widely used in the automotive field at present, and will develop faster in the future. In view of the fact that the technical content of automobile maintenance personnel is not high, the auto repair professional should strengthen the cultivation of information electronic technology to track Automotive applications. In order to provide customers with better service quality, in order to better improve the overall strength of automobile repair enterprises, and to achieve better personal ideals, strive to achieve a win-win situation for customers, enterprises, and personnel all depend on strengthening the cultivation of information electronic technology Therefore, the auto repair major should strengthen the cultivation of information electronic technology!
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