Research on optical lightweight new materials is imminent
"The research and development of new materials for optical lightweighting must be highly valued, including primary mirror materials, optical support structural materials, ultra-light mirror mirror materials, and optical surface-corrected active device materials." June 10, Chinese Academy of Sciences Optoelectronics Fang Jingzhong, a professor at the Institute of Technology, said in an interview with reporters.
It is understood that the important technical basis for weight reduction of lightweight optical or optical systems is materials, and the development of lightweight technology for propelling optical systems is bound to rely more on materials. The main mirror density of the Hubble telescope is 180 kg per square meter. The main mirror density of the J.Webb telescope has dropped to less than 30 kg per square meter, and the advancement of material technology has been significant. Further reduction of the primary mirror surface density requires the development of new technologies and materials. Fang Jingzhong said that looking at the development history of large-scale optical systems abroad, innovating the structural form of the main optical components and developing new materials with specific performance or functions are the two main lines of technology.
Fang Jingzhong told reporters that at present, the main direction of optical system lightweight technology is to achieve the weight reduction of the main mirror. The commonly used methods are honeycomb sandwich structure mirrors, active thin mirror mirrors, and multi-mirror combined mirrors. Both the GMT telescope and the Hubble space telescope being built in the United States use honeycomb sandwich mirrors, but the mirror materials used in the two mirrors are different. The former is borosilicate glass and the latter is ultra-low expansion fused silica.
With the development of space launch vehicle technology, humans have sent optical telescopes to space. The Hubble Space Telescope is a successful example. In order to establish a stable space observation base and completely eliminate the effects of atmospheric disturbances on optical imaging, it is also desirable to build large optical telescopes on the moon.
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