Scientists find blood oxygen regulators related to cancer metastasis
Researchers at the University of North Carolina have discovered that two transcription factors that can regulate oxygen levels in the blood also play a role in the spread of a skin cancer, "melanoma."
The researchers found that HIF1 and HIF2 in melanoma are overexpressed. In healthy cells, when oxygen levels in the blood are low, HIF1 and HIF2 can help regulate this hypoxic state. Some types of solid tumors The metastasis is often related to the hypoxic state in the blood. Now, the UNC research team has discovered that the hypoxic state promotes the spread of melanoma, allowing cancer cells to reach other locations in the body from the skin along the lymphatic system .
If a person is diagnosed with early melanoma, his survival rate is still very high, but once this tumor spreads along the body to other locations, it will cause a serious prognosis. Using in vitro experiments and mice In the model, the researchers observed: What happens when the expression of HIF1 and HIF2 in melanoma is suppressed. They found that inactivation of these two transcription factors did not reduce the growth of the initial tumor, but reduced melanin The rate of tumor spread to other tissues.
HIF1 and HIF2 independently activate the protein kinase SRC through different signaling pathways. The SRC protein is involved in the development of a variety of different cancers. Research results on its function in melanoma suggest that existing treatments that can target SRC Perhaps it can be used as a practical method to reduce the spread of cancer and the ultimate lethality.
Hanna said: "What we will study in the future is whether the metastasis of cancer cells will be really reduced when these signal pathways in mouse models are inhibited by drugs."
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