National Nano Center has developed a new light-controlled multi-function cancer diagnosis and treatment carrier
In the research of the application of nanomaterials in cancer diagnosis and treatment, gold nanomaterials have received extensive attention because of their adjustable optical response and better biocompatibility. The two research groups of the National Nanoscience Center, Chen Chunying and Wu Xiaochun, have worked closely in recent years and are committed to carrying out research on the biological effects and safety of gold nanorods and promoting their application in the field of biomedicine.
The adjustable surface plasmon resonance absorption of gold nanorods in the near infrared region has given it a series of excellent optical responses, demonstrating the great application prospects of gold nanorods in bioimaging and tumor hyperthermia. However, the surface area of ​​gold nanorods is small, which is not conducive to the carrying of drugs. In response to the shortcomings of gold nanorods, the researchers designed Au @ SiO2, a hybrid nanostructure of gold nanorod core / mesoporous silica shell, and successfully used the latter's high specific surface area to efficiently carry chemotherapeutics. More importantly, the research work realized the photo-controlled release of drugs in tumor cell experiments, which is a step towards personalized treatment.
This study uses the coating of mesoporous silica to solve the problem that gold nanorods are not easy to carry drugs. It is the first report that Au @ SiO2 is used as a drug carrier. The location of Au @ SiO2 in the cell can be conveniently achieved by two-photon imaging technology. After loading the typical anti-cancer drug-doxorubicin, Au @ SiO2 realized two cancer treatment modes through laser irradiation: a low-power laser-induced chemotherapy mode resulting from the release of doxorubicin, and a high-power laser through light and heat The dual mode of chemotherapy and hyperthermia realized directly by the transformation effect. Moreover, these two treatment modes can be precisely controlled remotely by changing the power of the laser. In other words, the new Au @ SiO2 carrier not only retains the unique properties of mesoporous silica nanoparticles and gold nanorods, but also creates a new function of laser controlled drug release (Figure 2).
Since mesoporous silica nanoparticles and gold nanorods each have unique properties and functions, the Au @ SiO2 carrier, which has both components, has great potential for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. This kind of composite nanocarriers with multiple functions in one, and the various functions can coordinate the synergistic effect is an important research direction of nanopharmaceuticals. The research on its properties and biomedical applications will have both theoretical significance and application value. Discovery. The development of such multifunctional integrated nanocarriers will also provide new ideas for future on-demand drug delivery and personalized drug development.
Relevant research results have been published in "Advanced Materials" (Advanced Materials), and was selected as the cover article of Volume 24, Issue 11, 2012 The reviewer of the "Advanced Materials" magazine believes: "The effective combination of mesoporous silica nanostructure drug-loading properties and the unique photothermal response of gold nanorods provides a new opportunity for the development of a new generation of multi-modal therapeutic technology."
The research was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Figure 1 The cover of Advanced Materials 2012, Volume 24, Issue 11. A laser can realize three functions of imaging, chemotherapy and hyperthermia through Au @ SiO2 nanocarrier.
Figure 2 (A) Schematic diagram of Au @ SiO2 multifunctional cancer diagnosis and treatment carrier. The laser irradiation of Au @ SiO2 carrier in the cell realizes three functions of imaging, chemotherapy and hyperthermia. (B) Transmission electron microscope photographs of gold nanorods and (C) Au @ SiO2. (D) Laser controlled drug release. (E, F) Localization of Au @ SiO2–DOX in cells.
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