Nature focuses on small RNA to solve big problems in systems biology

Three articles have been published in the latest issue of the Nature Genetics online edition. Three independent research teams have solved the most important theories in systems biology. Three articles have released a series of data to answer the key to the directed differentiation of system biology cells. Regulate the network. In the same period, Nature distributed a review article, FANTOM studies networks in cells.

The ultimate goal of systems biology research is to solve the path of cell differentiation. Achieving this goal will not only help humans understand the overall development, but also help people explore the field of stem cell therapy (to achieve the purpose of stem cell therapy, first of all, we must master the theory of stem cell differentiation) Knowledge and technology).

These three independent research laboratories belong to the laboratory of the FANTOM project. The FANTOM project aims to deeply study the human gene regulatory network. At present, more than 100 laboratories around the world have participated in this project. The project mainly uses RNA sequencing technology to compare RNA sequence data with DNA sequence data to identify the start site of gene transcription.

The publishers of the three articles in this issue of Nature Genetics all belong to the FANTOM project laboratory. The first research team identified a series of animal gene transcription initiation sites. This research belongs to the FANTOM4 project, and humans have been identified. The small RNA in the transcription initiation site of chicken and fruit flies is about 18 nt.

The research project of the second article also belongs to the FANTOM4 project, and 23,000 candidate retrotransposon regulatory sequences were identified by whole genome scanning technology. Functional studies have shown that the transcriptional regulatory sequences of these retrotransposons have an important influence on mammalian transcription results.

The third article belongs to the FANTOM4 project, which uses human monocytes as the research object to identify the transcriptional regulatory network of human myeloid leukemia cell lines. The results of these studies indicate that multiple transcription factors form a complex network that together regulate cell growth and differentiation, and there is no single transcription factor as the only regulatory factor.

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