Self-cleaning non-reflective nanostructured glass

One of the most recognizable features of glass is its ability to reflect light, and researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States have created a nanostructure on the glass surface that almost eliminates reflections. Because it has no glare, and the water droplets on the surface can bounce like small rubber balls, it is almost impossible to recognize that it is glass. The results of this study were published in the journal "ACS Nano" of the American Chemical Society.

The surface structure of the glass is a nano-cone array with a height of 1000 nanometers and a substrate width of 200 nanometers. The researchers used a new manufacturing method suitable for semiconductor coatings and etching techniques, first coating several thin film layers on the glass surface, including a photoresist layer, and then continuously etching to produce a conical shape. Because the production process is simple, this structure can be formed on the surface of the glass or transparent polymer film without a specific method, which only adds a minimal manufacturing cost. The team has applied for a patent for this production process.

The researchers said the inspiration for the research and development came from the surface structure of lotus leaves in nature, the desert beetle beetles, and the eyes of the moths. Although the array of nano-cones on the glass surface is very fragile through microscopic observation, calculations indicate that they should be able to resist a wide range of forces, including the beating of heavy rain and rain drops and direct finger poke. The researchers hope to apply it to optics, smartphones and TV screens, solar panels, car windshields, and even window screens in buildings through inexpensive manufacturing processes.

The researchers explained that despite the hydrophobic coating treatment, the surface of the solar photovoltaic panel is still prone to accumulate dust and dirt, and the efficiency loss can reach 40% after 6 months. And keep the panel clean for longer. In addition, the hydrophobic coating cannot prevent reflection loss, but the new material has this advantage. Since more light can be transmitted through its surface without being reflected off, the efficiency of the panel will be higher.

This new type of glass can also be used in optical devices, such as microscopes and cameras, and has anti-reflection and anti-fog capabilities when working in a humid environment. In touch screen devices, this glass not only eliminates reflections, but also resists sweat stains. The researchers say that if its cost is reduced to a low enough value in the future, it can be used as a windshield for cars on a large scale. It can self-clean the dirt and grit on the outer surface of windows, eliminate glare, enhance visibility, and prevent internal surface fogging.

Andrew Parker, Senior Visiting Researcher, Green Templeton College, Oxford University, UK, commented: "As far as I know, this is the first time that the multi-functional surfaces of animals and plants commonly found in nature have learned efficient manufacturing to optimize anti-reflection and anti-fog equipment. . In the future, this 'teaching nature' approach is likely to create a greener engineering. "

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